Women in Ancient Greece

Position of women dependent on time, place and class

Aristocratic Athens (before mid 6th c BCE)
women had many of the same rights and privileges as men of their class
Sparta
regimented barracks state
conquest of Messenia
unending subservience to the state
which determined which infants lived
men
age 7-20: training
age 20-30: barracks
marriage by stealth
secret police
age 30: citizen
women
gymnastic training
relative freedom of movement
management of household in absence of husband
an attempt to realize an ideal
replace bonds of fmily with loyalty to the state
best soldiers
but ultimately static and sterile
Democratic Athens
Restrictions
always under control of a male
father, guardian, husband
Citizens only for marriage and procreation
no political rights
could not appear in law courts
if tried, defended by a man
arranged marriages
to produce male heirs for husband's oikos 'household'
sons were citizens
segregated from daily life
women's quarters
no participation in social events such as symposia
escorted outside of home
educated only in domestic arts and modesty
Less wealthy women
had to work like husband
farms, trade or shops
Women's domain
preparation of dead for burial
mourning
Religious rites and festivals
religion and sacrifice permeated the community
nearly every other day a festival
women's festivals
Thesmophoria: Demeter and Kore (Persephone)
Image of woman psychologically powerful
female deities
important female roles in drama

Some views of Athens


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