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Hesiod's Theogony, lines 1-115 |
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With the Heliconian Muses we begin to sing, |
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who inhabit the great and holy Mount Helicon |
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and dance with soft feet around its cerulean spring |
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and around the altar of the mighty son of Chronos. |
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After washing their tender bodies in Permessus, |
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or in the Horse spring or holy Olmeius |
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on the height of Helicon, they make their beautiful, |
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charming dance, moving their feet with vigor. |
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From there they set out, wrapped in thick mist |
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as they walk at night, sending forth so beautiful a voice, |
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praising Zeus the aegis-bearer and the Lady Hera |
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of Argos, who walks on golden sandals, |
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and gleaming-eyed Athena, the daughter of Zeus the aegis-bearer, |
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and Phoebus Apollo and Artemis, delighting in arrows, |
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and Poseidon, who both upholds and shakes the earth, |
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and revered Themis and quick-glancing Aphrodite, |
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and gold-crowned Hebe and beautiful Dione, |
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and Leto and Iapetos, and Cronos of the crooked counsels, |
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and Eo and great Helios and shining Selenê, |
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and Gaia and vast Ocean and black Night, |
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and the holy race of the other immortals who live forever. |
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Thye once taught Hesiod beautiful song |
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as he was herding his lambs beneath holy Helicon. |
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The Olympian Muses, daughters of Zeus the aegis-bearer, |
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the goddesses, first spoke these words to me: |
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"Shepherds dwelling in the fields, wretched things of shame, mere bellies, |
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we know how to say many false things that seem genuine, |
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and when we wish, we know how to speak true things." |
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Thus spoke the daughters of mighty Zeus, with words fitted together, |
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and they gave me a wondrous scepter, plucking a branch |
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of flourishing bay, and they breathed into me a voice |
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inspired, to celebrate things that will be, and things that were before. |
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And they bade me sing of the race of the blessed ones who live forever, |
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and first and last always to sing of the Muses themselves. |
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But what is my business around oak or rock? |
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Come, we begin with the Muses, who delight the great |
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mind of their father Zeus within Olympus, |
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telling of things that are, things that will be, and things that were before, |
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shaping the song with their voice. And the sweet voice flows tirelessly |
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from their lips, and the house of father Zeus the loud-thunderer |
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laughs as the lily-like voice of the goddesses |
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spreads abroad, and the peaks of Olympus resound, |
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as do the homes of the gods. And sending forth their immortal |
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voice, they celebrate first the sacred race of the gods, |
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from the beginning, those whom Gaia and broad Uranus brought forth, |
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and the gods sprung from these, bestowers of good things. |
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Next they sing of Zeus, as they begin and end their song, |
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the father of gods and men, how he is the most excellent |
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among the gods, and supreme in power. |
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And again, singing of the races of men and the mighty giants, |
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the Olympian Muses, daughters of Zeus the aegis-bearer, |
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delight the mind of Zeus within Olympus. |
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Memory, who rules the fertile land of Eleuther, mingling |
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with the father, the son of Cronus, bore the Muses, |
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who are a forgetting of ills and a rest from cares. |
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For nine nights Zeus the counsellor lay with her |
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apart from the immortals, entering her holy bed. |
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But when a year passed, and the seasons revolved |
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as the months waned, and many days were completed, |
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she then bore nine girls a little below the highest peak |
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of snowy Olympus, girls of one mind, whose hearts |
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are set on song, and whose spirit is free of sorrow. |
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There on Olympus are their bright dancing places and beautiful homes, |
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beside them dwell the Graces and Desire, living in abundance. |
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And sending forth their lovely voice through their lips |
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they sing of the laws of all beings, and celebrate the precious |
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ways of the immortals, sending forth their lovely voice. |
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They then went to Olympus, rejoicing in their fine voice |
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and divine song; and the dark earth resounded about them |
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as they chanted, and a lovely sound rose from beneath their feet |
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as they went to the father who is king in heaven, |
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he himself holding the lightning and the consuming thunder-bolt |
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when he overcame with might his father Cronus; |
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and he arranged everything for the immortals, |
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distributing fairly and well, and assigned them their privileges. |
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These things sang the Muses who dwell on Olympus, |
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nine daughters sprung from mighty Zeus, |
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Cleio and Euterpe, Thaleia, Melpomene and |
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Terpsichore, and Erato and Polyhymnia and Urania, |
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and Calliope, who is the most excellent of them all. |
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For she attends on distinguished kings. |
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Whichever heaven-nourished king the daughters |
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of mighty Zeus honor, and behold as he is born, |
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they pour sweet dew upon his tongue, |
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and from his mouth flow gentle words. And the people |
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all look toward him as he settles disputes at law |
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with straight judgments. And speaking firmly in the assembly, |
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he quickly and skillfully ends even a great quarrel. |
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This is why there are shrewd kings, because when people |
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are misled in the assembly, they easily stop deeds |
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that could result in revenge, persuading with gentle words. |
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And so they greet him like a god when he enters the assembly, |
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with gracious respect, and he stands out among the assembled people. |
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Such is the holy gift of the Muses to humankind, |
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for it is through the Muses and Apollo the far-shooter |
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that there are singers and citharists upon the earth; |
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but kings are of Zeus. And they are happy, whomever the Muses |
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love; sweet flows the voice from their lips. |
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For if someone sorrows in his newly-troubled soul, pining away |
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as he grieves in his heart, yet, when a singer, a servant |
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of the Muses, sings of the glorious deeds of the men of old |
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and of the blessed gods who inhabit Olympus, |
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he forgets at once his cares, and does not remember his sorrows |
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at all; the gifts of the goddesses quickly turn him away from these. |
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Hail! children of Zeus. Grant me lovely inspiring song |
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and celebrate the holy races of the immortals who live forever, |
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those who were born from Gaia and starry Heaven |
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and gloomy Night, and those whom the salt sea nourished. |
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Tell how the gods and earth came to be at first, |
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and the rivers and the boundless sea with its raging swell, |
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and the sparkling stars and the broad heaven above, |
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and the gods born from them, bestowers of good things, |
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and how they divided their wealth and shared honors among themselves, |
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and also how they first possessed Olympus with its many valleys. |
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Declare such things to me from the beginning, you Muses |
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who dwell on Olympus, and say which of them first came to be. |